Guide index

Guides

Futures guide

A Future is a standardized contract. Monetary movement depends on price, multiplier, number of contracts and Long or Short direction.

Four data points to understand

Futures price

The contract quote. By itself it does not show how much economic exposure you have.

Multiplier

Converts one price point of movement into monetary value per contract.

Minimum tick and tick value

Minimum tick is the smallest price increment defined by the contract. Tick value equals tick size × multiplier.

Notional

Notional equals price × multiplier × contracts. It is the modelled economic exposure and can be far larger than deposited margin.

Long and Short

A Long gains as price rises and loses as it falls; a Short does the opposite. P/L depends on price movement multiplied by multiplier and contracts.

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Risk and position sizing

The tool combines entry, stop, point value and commissions to find how many contracts fit the risk budget.

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Margin and leverage

Margin is collateral required to maintain the position. It is not the contract price, not cash borrowed into the account and not the maximum loss.

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Futures spread

Two Long/Short legs are evaluated together. The result comes from each leg’s P/L and costs, not merely the displayed price difference.

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Rollover

Rolling means closing the expiring contract and opening another. The quote difference between expiries is not automatically profit or loss.

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Hedging

Contract count can be estimated by comparing exposure to hedge with contract notional and an optional beta/hedge ratio. Rounding and basis risk often leave residual exposure.

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Basis and fair value

Basis compares Futures with Spot. Fair value is a theoretical estimate using Spot, time and carry: it is not a forecast of the Futures price at expiration.

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FORM REFERENCE

Every field explained

Each block matches one tool. Every field explains what it represents and what value belongs there. Prices and commissions stay separate so calculations remain readable and verifiable.

Long / Short Futures

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Direction

Position direction: Long benefits from a rise; Short benefits from a fall.

Currency

Currency in which the tool expresses prices, costs and results.

Entry price

Futures contract price when the position is opened.

Exit price

Futures contract price at which you assume the position is closed.

Contracts

Number of contracts. It must be a whole number and scales economic exposure, covered units and often commissions.

Contract multiplier

Contract multiplier converting one price point of movement into monetary value per contract.

Minimum tick

Minimum price increment defined by the contract. Multiplied by the multiplier, it gives the monetary value of one tick.

Simplified tax on profit (%)

Tax percentage used by the simplified model on positive results. Enter the percentage number, for example 26 for 26%.

Opening commission

Total commission to open the Futures position.

Closing commission

Total commission to close the Futures position.

Futures risk and position sizing

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Currency

Currency in which the tool expresses prices, costs and results.

Entry price

Futures contract price when the position is opened.

Stop price

Price at which you plan to exit to limit loss. It is a simulation price: a real stop may fill worse after gaps or slippage.

Maximum risk budget

Maximum amount you want to risk between entry and stop, including the round-trip commissions you entered.

Contract multiplier

Contract multiplier converting one price point of movement into monetary value per contract.

Minimum tick

Minimum price increment defined by the contract. Multiplied by the multiplier, it gives the monetary value of one tick.

Round-trip commission per contract

Combined opening + closing cost for one contract. The tool multiplies it by the contract count.

Futures margin and leverage

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Currency

Currency in which the tool expresses prices, costs and results.

Futures price

Futures contract quote used in the calculation. It is not the same as the capital required as margin.

Contract multiplier

Contract multiplier converting one price point of movement into monetary value per contract.

Contracts

Number of contracts. It must be a whole number and scales economic exposure, covered units and often commissions.

Available capital

Available capital you want to compare with margin, notional exposure and leverage.

Initial margin per contract

Initial margin required for one contract according to the broker or exchange. Enter a real quoted requirement rather than estimating it as a percentage of notional.

Maintenance margin per contract

Maintenance margin per contract below which the position may require more capital or become subject to broker rules.

Total round-trip commission

Combined opening + closing cost for the entire Futures position being analysed.

Futures Spread

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Leg direction

Long or Short direction of one Futures spread leg.

Opening price

Opening price of one spread leg.

Closing price

Assumed closing price of one spread leg.

Contracts

Number of contracts. It must be a whole number and scales economic exposure, covered units and often commissions.

Contract multiplier

Contract multiplier converting one price point of movement into monetary value per contract.

Currency

Currency in which the tool expresses prices, costs and results.

Leg A round-trip commission

Total round-trip cost of leg A of the Futures spread.

Leg B round-trip commission

Total round-trip cost of leg B of the Futures spread.

Futures Rollover

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Direction

Position direction: Long benefits from a rise; Short benefits from a fall.

Currency

Currency in which the tool expresses prices, costs and results.

Old-contract entry price

Price at which the Futures contract being rolled was originally opened.

Old-contract closing price

Price at which you assume the old contract is closed during the rollover.

New-contract opening price

Price at which you assume the later-expiration contract is opened.

Contracts

Number of contracts. It must be a whole number and scales economic exposure, covered units and often commissions.

Contract multiplier

Contract multiplier converting one price point of movement into monetary value per contract.

Old Futures closing commission

Commission for closing the old contract during rollover.

New Futures opening commission

Commission for opening the new contract during rollover.

Futures Hedge

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Existing exposure direction

Direction of the exposure you want to hedge. The Futures hedge is set in the opposite direction.

Currency

Currency in which the tool expresses prices, costs and results.

Monetary exposure value

Monetary value of the exposure you want to reduce or hedge with Futures.

Beta / hedge ratio

Factor adjusting the exposure to the behaviour of the Futures hedge. A value of 1 means one-to-one notional hedging in the model.

Futures price used for hedge

Futures contract quote used in the calculation. It is not the same as the capital required as margin.

Contract multiplier

Contract multiplier converting one price point of movement into monetary value per contract.

Opening commission per contract

Opening commission per contract used in the hedge; multiplied by the rounded contract count.

Basis and Fair Value

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Currency

Currency in which the tool expresses prices, costs and results.

Spot price

Current Spot price of the underlying to compare with the Futures quote.

Futures price

Futures contract quote used in the calculation. It is not the same as the capital required as margin.

Days to expiration

Number of days remaining to contract expiration, used in carry and fair-value calculations.

Annual rate (%)

Annual percentage rate used in the carry model. It is a theoretical input and should be consistent with the currency and horizon.

Annual underlying yield/carry (%)

Annual percentage yield attributed to the underlying in the model, such as dividend yield or another applicable carry component.